Original Research Articles

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Original Research Articles should report research with a clear objective, complete study design, appropriate data analysis, and reliable conclusions.

• Introduction and Objective
• Materials and Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

Subheadings may be used where appropriate, but the basic structure above should be maintained.

Must contain 800–1,000 characters (including spaces), divided into:

• Introduction and Objective
• Materials and Methods
• Results
• Conclusions

• Main text: up to 20,000 characters (excluding abstract and references)
• References: up to 25
• Tables and figures: up to 8 total

All tables and figures must be self-explanatory, with titles and legends clearly defining abbreviations, statistical symbols, and relevant experimental conditions. Information presented in tables or figures should not be repeated in the text.

• Describe study population, design, sample source, inclusion/exclusion criteria, and measurement instruments in sufficient detail
• Human studies: state ethics committee name, approval number, and informed consent method
• Clinical trials: provide registry name and registration number
• Statistical analysis: state software, version, significance level, tests used, effect sizes, and confidence intervals